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A Guide to Chemical Safety Compliance
Why do I need a guide to chemical safety compliance?
Employees use chemical products in workplaces every day. Most never think about the potential consequences nor about the possibility that use of the chemical products may harm them or fall under legal regulations. But this is going to change. In Ontario, Canada, the Occupational Cancer Research Centre is now publishing occupational disease statistics, by sector. Before long, all employers will be having a closer look at the chemicals they manage to ensure they reduce the risk to your employees.
A guide to chemical safety compliance will help give you an overview of how to determine if your workplace chemical use is regulated and if so, how to meet the requirements of applicable regulations.
The guide discusses how to: develop and maintain an accurate record of your chemicals and their Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) or GHS (outside of Canada) safety data sheets (SDSs); understand the harm they can cause to employees and the environment; judge the likelihood of this harm occurring in your organization; spot the gaps in your chemical safety management system that could prevent the harm; close the gaps to protect people and the planet; train employees; review and maintain the process.
Chemical safety compliance has a steep learning curve but by following this guide, you will find that the process becomes intuitive and before long, you and your team will be managing chemical safety in realtime!
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Shortcuts
Introduction
1.0 How do I assess my chemical hazards?
1.1 How do I develop an accurate inventory of my chemicals?
1.1.1 How to organize a “field check” for my chemicals?
1.2 I have a list of chemicals. What is the easiest way to find the WHMIS SDSs?
1.2.1 I have all my WHMIS SDSs. How do I identify chemical hazards?
1.3 How should I prioritize the chemical hazards?
1.3.1 Where do I start to assess my risks posed by chemicals hazards?
1.3.1.1 Defining Your Risk Tolerance
1.3.1.2 Understanding Your Risk
1.4 How do I identify the gaps in my chemical safety management program?
1.4.2 Gaps in Organization-Specific Safeguards
2.0 How do I control my risks posed by chemicals hazards?
2.1 How can I eliminate or substitute my hazardous chemical products?
2.2 I can’t eliminate or substitute my chemical products. How do I protect workers?
2.3 I have my controls in place. How do I simplify the information?
2.4 How do I manage my chemical collection moving forward?
3.0 How do I provide chemical-specific training?
3.1 How do I provide and track my training?
3.2 How can you sustain all this work?
Introduction
Chemicals can and do hurt people in workplaces every day. In Canada, the cost of this harm to our society is measured in the billions of dollars.
Regulations are passed into law to make employers aware of their need to understand how chemicals can hurt people and the environment. They also provide the necessary enforcement tools, in the form of fines, to “encourage” employers to prevent the harm.
In Canada, the regulations to protect the environment are set by both the Canadian as well as the provincial/territorial governments. Whereas the regulations for occupational health and safety fall solely under the control of provincial/territorial governments, unless you work for a federally regulated industry, which is regulated under the Canada Labour Code.
If you manage large quantities of chemicals that can cross your air, water or soil property lines, you will need to be aware of the environmental laws in addition to the occupational health and safety laws.
The Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS) compiles a list of regulations by province/territory. You can either subscribe to the service or use the search and resulting list to become aware of the regulations that apply for your business and then look them up using a search engine.
This article is written to help employers with compliance mainly to occupational health and safety regulations.
If we look at Ontario’s Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHSA), which is similar to many occupational health and safety laws around the world, the general duty clause, Section 25 (2) (h), states:
“an employer shall, …
take every precaution reasonable in the circumstances for the protection of a worker …”
While there are many chemical-related regulations under OHSA, essentially if you can show that you have taken reasonable precautions to protect workers and the environment from harm, you have achieved chemical safety compliance.
This guide to chemical safety compliance discusses how you can break down the requirements for chemical safety compliance into 3 groups. Next it gives you tested strategies on how to successfully complete each of the requirements.
The 3 major requirements to meet chemical safety compliance are:
- Assess the potential risks that hazardous chemicals pose within your organizations.
- Control risk of harm to people and the environment.
- Train employees.
Figure 1: A guide to chemical safety compliance – 3 steps – A.C.T.
An important part of chemical safety compliance is the ability to review your procedures and control measures to ensure they are working as you intended – an audit. So, to achieve compliance, you will need a sustainable system.
Achieving chemical safety compliance can take anywhere from months to years, depending on the number of chemicals you manage, the tools you use and the resources you apply to the problem. If you are starting from scratch, it is best to take the time to think about your “system” in advance and develop it as you go.
Once your system is in place, you will have peace of mind that you are compliant and have done what you can to improve workplace health and safety.
1.0 How do I assess my chemical hazards?
In order to properly assess your chemical hazards, there are 4 steps to follow. They are:
1. Start with an accurate inventory of your chemicals.
2. Obtain up-to-date Workplace Hazardous Materials information System (WHMIS) safety data sheet (SDS) for each chemical. These will identify the chemical hazards for you.
3. Prioritize your hazards for review.
4. Identify gaps in safe chemicals handling.
Figure 2: A guide to chemical safety compliance – 4 steps to assess chemical hazards
1.1 How do I develop an accurate inventory of my chemicals?
Getting an accurate account or inventory of your chemicals can be a grind. It depends on how your people purchase chemicals. We typically see one of 3 ways that people buy chemicals:
- All purchases are made through the purchasing department.
- Chemicals are bought by individuals with company credit cards.
- A mixture of 1 and 2.
If you fall in category #1, this is the easiest. You can simply gain a list of chemicals purchased in the last year or two from your purchasing department. The records should have product numbers, which will make it easy for you to find the WHMIS SDSs for the products. While this approach is a great start, it won’t help you identify older products that are still in use. To do this, you will need to do a “field check”.
If you fall into category #2, building your chemical list is going to take some time. You could try to contact your suppliers and ask them to send up-to-date WHMIS SDSs for all the chemicals purchased in the last year. This will get both your list and WHMIS SDS collection started but won’t help with products purchased from department stores or older products that are still in use. For a complete inventory, you will need to build your list with a “field check”.
If you fall in category #3, you can build your list using the suggestions above, but you also will need to check your list through a “field check”.
1.1.1 How to organize a “field check” for my chemicals?
Completing a field check for chemical products is time-consuming, and you will want to be organized to make it as efficient as possible.
Here are a few options you may want to consider:
- Assemble a team of people – one from each department.
- Hire students to do the work for all departments.
- Hire a company like SDS RiskAssist to conduct your field check for you.
Once you have decided on who will conduct your field check, you will want clear communication about what you are looking for.
Figure 4: A guide to chemical safety compliance – clear communication is key to efficiency
Keep in mind that you will also need the WHMIS SDSs for these chemical products. Recording information from the chemical product labels, while you are doing your field check, will make sourcing the WHMIS SDSs easier.
Here are a few tips to get you started quickly:
- If your team does not have central SDS Management software like SDS RiskAssist, provide them with access to an Excel or similar spreadsheet to ensure you are clear about the information you want them to collect.
- Organize sub-sheets within your spreadsheet by department.
- Ask your team to spend 1 – 2 hours per day taking and uploading the 3 photos per product recommended in the Google spreadsheet, until you have a list of all chemical products. The task can be boring so try to break it up with other work so that you get reasonable attention to detail for collecting the right information.
- Remember to include cosmetics, drugs, pesticides and consumer products if employees are required to handle these products in your workplace.
- Note that some suppliers include URL links to the WHMIS SDS as a QR code on the label. Add this URL to Google spreadsheet for easy reference later.
1.2 I have a list of chemicals. What is the easiest way to find the WHMIS SDSs?
Once you have an accurate list of chemical products with the information suggested in the RilleaTech’s Chemical List & SDS Tracking Spreadsheet, you will have several choices about how to build and maintain your WHMIS SDS collection. You can:
1. Source the SDSs on your own using a search engine like Google and store the sheets as pdfs or in paper. If you follow this approach keep these thoughts in mind:
• By law, employees are required to have easy access to WHMIS SDSs.
• You will want a system that is easy for employees to search.
• Since SDSs can frequently be updated, you will want a system that is easy to maintain.
2. Hire a subscription services like SDS RiskAssist to source and manage your WHMIS SDSs and make them accessible to employees on mobile and desktop devices. Note that if you use a subscription service you need to view them as a partner in your chemical safety efforts. No outside service can ensure all your sheets represent the chemical products you use and are up-to-date, without your help.
Before you decided to hire a subscription service, it is important for you to know that there is a variety of offerings. The range varies from organizations who simply host your SDS collection on the internet, to those who offer platforms that use software to read SDSs for you and enable you to interact with the software to help you meet your chemical safety and training goals. If you have fewer and lower hazard chemical products, a system to host your SDSs may be all you need. If your operation is complex with hundreds or thousands of chemicals, you will want a more robust system that does lots of the work for you.
Video 1: A guide to chemical safety compliance – How RilleaTech’s SDS RiskAssist™ works
If you’ve decided to hire a subscription service, simply give them the chemical list that you’ve created and look forward to obtaining access to your collection within a week or two, depending on the size of your collection.
If you’ve decided to manage the work yourself, then you can proceed as follows:
- Sort your list by supplier and either;
– Visit the supplier’s website and download the SDSs required,
– Or send the supplier your list and ask them to provide up-to-date SDSs.
- Organize your SDSs by department within your sharing medium. (Keep in mind that people will search for information in different ways. For example, for Krylon Yellow Spray Paint, people may start their search on yellow, paint, krylon or spray. If your system does not have robust search capability, ensure that how the SDSs are filed is part of your training to employees.)
- Delegate a team member from each department to maintain their SDS collection, once you have completed the work to compile it.
- Communicate to employees how they can access the collection.
1.2.1 I have all my WHMIS SDSs. How do I identify chemical hazards?
Congratulations! You now have a relevant collection of WHMIS SDSs, as required by Ontario Regulation 860, a regulation under Ontario’s OHSA. Similar regulations for other provinces can be found at WHMIS.org.
This is a great start to chemical safety compliance!
If you’ve chosen to subscribe to a digitalized SDS Management platform like SDS RiskAssist, your WHMIS as well as other regulatory hazards will instantly be available and organized on the platform. You will receive training about how to interact with the platform so that you can decide how best to prioritize which hazards to assess first.
If you have chosen to manage your SDSs in-house, you will now need to read the material to identify the types of hazards in the chemicals your organization purchases.
WHMIS 2015, states hazards in plain English; “Causes serious eye damage”, “Fatal if inhaled”, “Causes severe skin burns”, “Highly flammable liquid and vapour”. Most of us can easily understand what these phrases mean and you do not need to be an expert.
1.3 How should I prioritize the chemical hazards?
Prioritizing chemical hazards is subjective to your company. Only you can decide which hazards may carry the highest risk, based on your risk tolerance and existing safety programs.
However, chemical safety is new and foreign to most people. To help our clients, we give them a starting point by classifying hazards into 4 groups.
- Urgent
- Occupational disease
- Common
- Not classified
Urgent are WHMIS hazards with the skull, oxidizer or exploding bomb symbol plus some high hazard flammables such as products that may ignite if spontaneously exposed to air and pyrophorics. These hazards are immediately dangerous to your people AND the type of hazard and form of control is not very common. We also consider documents that do not meet the Canadian Hazardous Products Regulations, which we classify as “not identified” and MSDSs urgent because these documents do not accurately define the hazards to your people.
Figure 5: A guide to chemical safety compliance – SRA™ urgent chemical hazards
Occupational disease are those chemicals that pose an immediate or long-term risk of disease to people and/or the unborn. WHMIS hazards with the Health symbol (aside from aspiration hazards) fall into this category, as well as hazards that can cause allergic skin reactions or harm to breast-fed children.
Figure 6: A guide to chemical safety compliance – SRA™ occupational disease hazards
Common are WHMIS hazards whose risk of harm is usually lowered by typical safety programs. For example, fire hazards or hazards that can cause harm to eyes and skin, can be controlled with standard safety glasses, gloves, ventilation and fire safety programs.
Not classified are chemical products that suppliers have evaluated against the Canadian Hazardous Product Regulations and found that they do not have applicable hazards. No further work is required with these chemical products.
Based on our data, Figure 7 represents the general distribution of these groups of hazards that we see across our client organizations.
Figure 7: A guide to chemical safety compliance – Distribution of hazards in a typical organization
If you are using an interactive subscription system such as SDS RiskAssist, we recommend that you start with your urgent hazards and progress to your occupational disease hazards. You will easily be able to group these hazards by location/department and start planning you risk assessment activities.
If you are using an in-house system, we recommend that you build an Excel spreadsheet to summarize the hazards of all your chemicals so that you can group them according to your priorities. Toronto Metropolitan University has developed what they call CHAP (Chemicals Hazard Assessment and Prioritization) Tools that may be helpful to get you started.
If you manage less than 50 chemicals, this task is doable with a spreadsheet but time consuming. Expect this task to take you about 1/2 hour per chemical. More if you are also recording chemicals that have ingredients listed as designated substances on Ontario Regulations 490 and 833. Add still more time if you are also noting ingredients on the Environment Canada’s Toxic Substances List and you are investigating recommended PPE. You will also have to revise the spreadsheet each time chemicals change.
If you are managing between 50 and 100 chemicals, this task borders on impossible to sustain over time. Think hard about spending this time compiling versus investing in a service that will compile the information for you in a fraction of the time. Wouldn’t it be preferable to get to your risk assessment faster?
If you are managing more than 100 chemical products, a subscription to a smart and interactive SDS Management platform is a must! You will save time, money, accelerate progress towards your occupational health and safety goals and avoid unnecessary risk.
1.3.1 Where do I start to assess my risks posed by chemicals hazards?
Before you begin your risk assessment, think about what you want to achieve with this exercise. Ideally, you will want at least the following 2 outcomes:
1. A clear framework of your organization’s risk tolerance.
2. An understanding of the risks that chemical products pose to your organization.
1.3.1.1 Defining Your Risk Tolerance
It is important to understand that risk tolerance is closely associated with an organization’s values and therefore will vary from organization to organization.
Figure 8 shows an example of a simple risk matrix that you can use to think about your risk in any key part of your organization. Red typically represents intolerable risk and requires action to reduce. Yellow means that action is suggested but not mandatory and green requires no action.
Figure 8: A guide to chemical safety compliance – Example risk matrix
An organization’s risk tolerance is ultimately set by the employer and/or the board of directors. From financial risk to operational risk to chemical risk, whether you realize it or not, employees are making decisions on behalf of your organization. The best way to ensure they are making decisions that are in line with your organization’s values is to educate them about the what risks are acceptable.
An organization with a risk tolerance that is high may use only 1 red square in the risk matrix. The advantage is that the cost associated with proactive measures to control risk is lower and the organization can be very agile to respond to market changes. The disadvantage is that the risk of harm to people and/or the environment can be higher, which can result in fines, legal action and loss of reputation.
An organization with a risk tolerance that is low may have 5 or 6 red squares in the risk matrix. The advantage here is that there is lower risk of harm to people and/or the environment with less chance of fines and loss of reputation. The disadvantage is the higher cost of the proactive measures to prevent harm.
Formalizing your risk tolerance gives you a basis for discussions with your team and enables you to adjust and improve over time.
1.3.1.2 Understanding Your Risk
Risk of harm from chemical products depends on the kind of harm that a chemical product can cause and the likelihood that the harm will occur.
Figure 9: A guide to chemical safety compliance – The risk equation
WHMIS already determines the kind of harm that a product can cause, so now that you have your WHMIS hazards organized, you are halfway there.
Like risk tolerance, only people within an organization can determine the likelihood of the harm occurring due to handling, storage and use of chemical products. In order to determine the likelihood, consider how the chemical product is being used with following points:
a. Why is it being used?
b. How much is needed?
c. For how long?
d. Under what conditions?
e. How often?
f. How is it stored?
g. How is it disposed of?
The easiest way to think about likelihood of the harm occurring is to first assume that you have nothing in place to prevent the harm.
Next you would use your risk matrix to determine the risk that your employee could experience the harm defined by WHMIS, if they used the chemical product in the typical way, during their years of employment in your organization.
Let’s walk through a simple example with eye hazards.
Figure 10: A Guide to chemical safety compliance – WHMIS eye hazards with example products
Figure 10 shows the 3 levels of WHMIS eye hazards with examples of the types of chemical products that fall into each category. The hazard statement defines the severity of harm that the products can cause, if you get it in your eye.
We all know what getting soap or shampoo in our eyes feels like. This “harm” is considered eye irritation and it typically recovers in less than 7 days.
Getting paint or cleaner in your eye hurts more and for products that have the WHMIS Exclamation symbol, “harm” is referred to as serious eye irritation. This time, it may take up to 21 days to recover.
If you get splashed with a product that has a WHMIS Corrosive symbol like liquid bleach, the “harm” you can experience is serious damage to the eye tissue and is irreversible.
To evaluate the likelihood of an employee experiencing irreversible eye damage with the use of bleach, consider that the employee is working with the product without safety glasses and then consider how the product is being used by the employee:
- How the bleach is applied; spray, liquid or wipe?
- Is it ready-to-use or must it be diluted?
- What is it being used on; below, at or above eye level?
- How long does the job take; seconds, minutes, or hours?
- How often is the job performed; hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, yearly?
Once you have answered these questions, you will be able to determine the risk of an employee getting bleach in their eye and suffering irreversible eye damage. Now you can begin to think about ways to reduce the risk, if necessary, based on your organization’s risk tolerance.
1.4 How do I identify the gaps in my chemical safety management program?
Once you have a good understanding of your hazards and risk of harm due to your chemical products, you will need to consider two types of gaps:
1. Regulatory
2. Organization-specific safeguards
1.4.1 Regulatory Gaps
Regulatory gaps are requirements that are prescribed by regulatory bodies, to control the risk of harm to employees. An example is Ontario’s Industrial Establishments Regulation O. Reg. 851, under the Occupational Health and Safety Act.
Industrial establishments in Ontario include offices and office buildings, factories, arenas, shops, restaurants and logging operations. Under Part III of this regulation;
“124. (1) Where a worker is required to work with, or is likely to be exposed to, a hazardous biological or chemical agent that could cause injury to the eye or skin, an employer shall provide as many of the following as are needed for adequate emergency treatment:
1. Eye wash facilities.
2. Emergency showers.
3. Antidotes, flushing fluids or washes. O. Reg. 186/19, s. 7.
(2) The emergency equipment or treatments described in subsection (1) must,
(a) be clearly marked with a sign or label;
(b) be located or installed in a conspicuous place near where the hazardous biological or chemical agent is kept or used;
(c) be readily accessible to workers; and
(d) have instructions for its use displayed on the equipment or treatment or as near to it as is practical. O. Reg. 186/19, s. 7.”
If your organization is considered an “Industrial Establishment”, you use corrosive chemical products that can cause “injury” to eyes and do not currently meet this requirement, your organization is in immediate risk of being fined by a Ministry of Labour, Training and Skills Development (MOLTSD) inspector. This gap must be addressed as soon as possible.
Ontario has specific regulations for Diving Operations, Health Care and Residential Facilities, Construction Projects, Window Cleaning, Oil and Gas – Offshore, Mines and Mining Plants and Farming Operations. In addition there are chemical-specific regulations such as the Ontario Fire Code, the Compressed Gas Regulation, and many more. Once you know the type of hazard you are managing, you can connect it to the applicable regulations and identify your gaps.
1.4.2 Gaps in Organization-Specific Safeguards
The second type of gap you should identify is associated with your safeguards. Safeguards are preventative controls that an organization uses to lower risk of harm. Going back to your risk matrix, if your risk is red, a safeguard or two can be added to reduce the risk to yellow or green.
In the eye example, if employees are frequently hand diluting and using liquid bleach-based products with the WHMIS corrosive symbol, the risk without safeguards is red meaning there is high risk for an employee to experience irreversible eye damage during their period of employment with your organization. Asking employees to wear safety glasses/goggles is one way to reduce your risk to the yellow or green zone.
For chemical products that can cause occupational disease like cancer, assessing your risk of harm is a bit harder. A great resource is the Ontario Occupational Disease Statistics website. It looks at disease statistics based on real Ontario data and sorts it by sector. If your sector has been analyzed, you have a great resource for likelihood of disease occurring.
2.0 How do I control my risks posed by chemicals hazards?
Once you have identified your risks and the gaps in your regulatory requirements and/or chemical safety management program, the next step in A guide to chemical safety compliance is to take action to control the risks.
There are 4 steps that you can take to achieve this goal:
1. Eliminate or substitute as many of the urgent and occupational disease chemicals that you can. This will save you time and money!
2. Design and implement engineering and administrative safeguards or controls where possible. Define proper personal protective equipment as a last resort.
3. Summarize and simplify the information and make it accessible to everyone in the organization, in preparation for your chemical-specific training.
4. Put in place strategies to manage future risks by obtaining the WHMIS SDS for a chemical and completing a risk assessment BEFORE the chemical is purchased to ensure it can be handled safely within the organization.
Figure 10: A guide to chemical safety compliance – Steps to controlling chemical-related risks
2.1 How can I eliminate or substitute my hazardous chemical products?
The best way to control your chemical-related risks is to start with the Hierarchy of Controls.
Now that you understand your risks, you can have a closer look at your chemicals to decide which ones are business-critical and which ones are not. Start with your “urgent” and “occupational disease” chemical products and eliminate what you can.
Next, search for safer substitutes for your business-critical products. Most people are used to comparison shopping. Comparing different options that accomplish the same task based on price, availability, etc. Substitution for chemical products is that comparison, based on WHMIS hazards. As an example, can you find a disinfectant that is less harmful to your employees? There are well over 500 products now listed on Health Canada’s list for Hard-surface disinfectants. Visit our blog on COVID-19 disinfectants compares a few of the products using 1-page chemical summaries.
If you have subscribed to an SDS Management platform like SDS RiskAssist™, you will be able to compare similar function chemical products on a hazard basis in real-time, within SDS RiskAssist’s library of chemical products.
If you do not use an SDS Management system or if your system does not offer this feature, you will have to research options through suppliers or over the internet, obtain the WHMIS SDSs and compare the products on a hazards basis. The Toxics Use Reduction Institute at UMass Lowell, offers some great databases and tools for learning more about safer alternatives.
2.2 I can’t eliminate or substitute my chemical products. How do I protect workers?
If your risk cannot be lowered through elimination or substitution, there are 3 types of safeguards that you can use to protect employees. They are:
- Engineering controls – are solutions built into your operation that are used without any action being required by employees. Examples: ventilation; automated dilution equipment.
- Administrative controls – require action by the employee to follow. Examples: portable ventilation units; employee chemical exposure time limits.
- Personal protective equipment – requires employers to properly identify and employees to maintain and wear. Examples: safety glasses; chemical resistant gloves; respirators.
Engineering controls such as increasing room ventilation or implementing an automated chemical mixing station can be costly to install but they are the safest option for controlling risk. They are independent of training, memory or attention to detail by the employee.
If you need further risk reduction or are in a mobile/temporary workplace where these options are not possible, consider administrative protocols. For example, if the risk is due to employee exposure to a designated substance, ensure that the quantity of chemical and the employee’s exposure to the chemical is limited according to the requirements of the regulation and your risk assessment results. Ensure that you also have the resources to provide the health monitoring that may be required, if you choose to use designated substances. You will need to periodically audit these administrative controls to ensure employees are adhering to them.
If you cannot implement engineering or administrative controls or if there is still a risk of harm, select proper personal protective equipment (PPE) for the employee to wear. Ensure they no where to find the PPE and how to wear it properly when handling the hazardous chemical product.
2.3 I have my controls in place. How do I simplify the information?
While these steps complete the risk assessment and control portion of your legal requirements, you must now share it with employees simply and clearly. That is, ensure employees understand:
- the hazards of the chemicals you want them to use
- what PPE is required, how to wear it properly and where to find it
- anything special about the chemical from your risk assessment
- where and how to properly store the chemicals
- where and how to properly dispose of the chemicals and their containers, if hazardous waste
- how to respond if something goes wrong
Figure 11: A guide to chemical safety compliance – Simple, clear SRA™ chemical safety summary
In doing this work, you are developing your chemical-specific training (see Figure 11 for an example from RilleaTech’s SDS RiskAssist™).
Ensure that you consider:
a. Vulnerable employees (ie: young, new to country or workplace, changing health (pregnant, lung disease, etc))
b. Level of education of employee
Hazardous chemicals can be complicated and scary to use. Make clear, simple information available to everyone and communicate, communicate, communicate.
If you have subscribed to SDS RiskAssist™, you will easily be able to record all your chemical-handling information to the system and have clear, simple summaries generated for each chemical. Employees can access these summaries with mobile or desktop devices.
2.4 How do I manage my chemical collection moving forward?
Now that you have completed all that work, you will want to retain and sustain it going forward and you may want to change your procurement protocols.
We recommend that chemicals be assessed for risk to your organization BEFORE they are purchased. Decisions about what chemicals to purchase should be made by appropriate people after they have reviewed the SDS. Chemical products that are urgent or can result in occupational disease should require a higher level of approval.
3.0 How do I provide chemical-specific training?
Only once your employees are trained can you be confident that you are in compliance with the requirements of the Occupational Health and Safety Act.